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La maladie du Charbon, également appelée Anthrax est une maladie infectieuse zoonotique causée par la bactérie sporulante Bacillus anthracis. La survie des spores dans l’environnement, forme dormante et infectante, est liée à des facteurs écologiques et météorologiques. 

La qualité de la réponse immunitaire à l’infection des hôtes définie leur sensibilité. Les herbivores sont les plus sensibles et une infection entraîne rapidement la mort. Les carnivores et l’Homme présentent également une certaine sensibilité mais l’infection entraîne une forme clinique moins sévère. Chez ce dernier, l’infection peut se présenter sous trois formes en fonction de la voie d’exposition : cutanée, respiratoire et digestive.
La faune sauvage est régulièrement victime d’épidémies. Les voies d’infection exactes restent aujourd’hui à l’état d’hypothèses mais les principales testées comprennent l’ingestion et l’inhalation des spores.

Bien que la maladie sévisse mondialement, les pays en voie de développement sont touchés plus fréquemment et sévèrement. Notre travail se concentrera donc autour de trois pays d’Afrique Australe : la Namibie, la Zambie et le Botswana.
En réponse à cette constante menace, les gouvernements et des organisations internationales telles que l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé et l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé Animale ont établis des mesures de gestion et prévention des épidémies. Ces mesures comprennent entre autres des prélèvements sanguins, des antibiothérapies, des mesures de quarantaines et une sensibilisation des populations locales quant aux dangers que représente cette maladie pour eux, leur bétail et la faune sauvage environnante. Anthrax is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the spore forming bacteria Bacillus anthracis. The survival of the spore, the dormant and infectious form, in the environment depends on some ecological et meteorogical factors.

The quality of the immunity response of the hosts to the infection defines their sensitivity. Herbivores are the most sensitive and an infection leads to quick and brutal death. Carnivores and Humans also show some sensitivity, but the outcome is less severe. Human infection manifests in three clinical forms: cutaneous, respiratory and digestive.
The wildlife is frequently victim of outbreaks. The infection pathways are still hypothetical, but they mainly focus on the ingestion and inhalation of the spores. 

Although the distribution of the disease is worldwide, the developing countries are more affected in term of frequency and severity. Thus, our work will focus on three severely affected countries of southern Africa: Namibia, Zambia and Botswana, where outbreaks occur annually and cause issues in both human and veterinary health. 
To react to such a threat, governments and international organisations such as World Health Organisation and World Organisation for Animal Health established guidelines to manage and prevent the disease. They recommend blood tests, antibiotic therapies, quarantine measures and social awareness of the local populations about the dangers this disease represents for them, their livestock and the surrounding wildlife.

Anthrax --- Wildlife --- Southern Africa --- Maladie du Charbon --- Afrique Australe --- Sciences du vivant > Médecine vétérinaire & santé animale

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Pan-Africanism. --- Peace-building --- Panafricanisme --- Maintien de la paix --- International relations. --- Peace-building. --- Southern African Development Community. --- East African Community. --- Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa. --- Africa --- Afrique --- Africa. --- Relations. --- Relations extérieures --- Relations extérieures

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This book is a collection of chapters around the theme of parasitology and zoonosis in bot war and peace and the impact of these fields on public health. Individual experts have contributed reviews, novel research, and case series within the field to make a broad and interesting collection designed to stimulate thought and discussion in this area. The collection is dedicated to the life and career of Emeritus Professor John Marsden Goldsmid, an eminent parasitologist and advocate for further attention to these above listed fields of medicine. It would be suitable for medical and veterinary practitioners, students, scientists, and epidemiologists with an interest in parasitology and public health.

Medicine --- Epidemiology & medical statistics --- Ternidens --- ternidensiasis --- false hookworm --- hookworm --- soil transmitted helminths --- STH --- helminth --- zoonosis --- human --- primate --- leishmaniasis --- qPCR --- bisulphite --- gnathostomiasis --- schistosomiasis --- imported helminthiasis --- praziquantel --- parasitology --- zoonoses --- tropical medicine --- travel medicine --- global medicine --- Tasmania --- e-Diagnosis --- morphologist --- molecular parasitology --- social determinants of health --- cultural safety in health service delivery --- cultural competency --- Gnathostoma species --- larva migrans --- Okavango --- southern Africa --- tourists --- devil facial tumor disease --- parasite --- transmissible cancer --- MHC --- immune escape --- medical history --- military --- WW2 --- lymphatic filariasis --- Pacific --- n/a

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• Reference Manager
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This book is a collection of chapters around the theme of parasitology and zoonosis in bot war and peace and the impact of these fields on public health. Individual experts have contributed reviews, novel research, and case series within the field to make a broad and interesting collection designed to stimulate thought and discussion in this area. The collection is dedicated to the life and career of Emeritus Professor John Marsden Goldsmid, an eminent parasitologist and advocate for further attention to these above listed fields of medicine. It would be suitable for medical and veterinary practitioners, students, scientists, and epidemiologists with an interest in parasitology and public health.

Ternidens --- ternidensiasis --- false hookworm --- hookworm --- soil transmitted helminths --- STH --- helminth --- zoonosis --- human --- primate --- leishmaniasis --- qPCR --- bisulphite --- gnathostomiasis --- schistosomiasis --- imported helminthiasis --- praziquantel --- parasitology --- zoonoses --- tropical medicine --- travel medicine --- global medicine --- Tasmania --- e-Diagnosis --- morphologist --- molecular parasitology --- social determinants of health --- cultural safety in health service delivery --- cultural competency --- Gnathostoma species --- larva migrans --- Okavango --- southern Africa --- tourists --- devil facial tumor disease --- parasite --- transmissible cancer --- MHC --- immune escape --- medical history --- military --- WW2 --- lymphatic filariasis --- Pacific --- n/a